![\"Soclema_Système](\"https://soclema.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/soclema_systeme-echantillonnage-syngaz-367x400.jpg\")
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SOCLEMA offers you a turnkey system forsampling syngas from pyrogasification.
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It's a ready-to-use system that allows the sample to be passed successively through heated and then cooled vials. This TAR PROTOCOL sampling system has been designed for rapid set-up and ease of use.
\nThe system proposed by SOCLEMA consists of 2 tanks, one with a hot bath, the other with a cold bath, a removable part on which the flasks are fixed, a Peltier module for cooling, a mass flow meter and a circulation pump. Input/output connections are made via quick connectors.
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Here are the main advantages of this system:
\n![\"soclema](\"https://soclema.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/Echantillonnage_Labo_TAR_Protocol_N°2-340x400.jpg\")
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Pyrogasification can be used to produce renewable or recovered gas from dry biomass or recycled fuels sorted at source, when the latter cannot be recovered upstream in the form of materials. Among the possible ways of recovery, the synthesis gas obtained can be converted into gas that can be injected into networks. This gas can be substituted for natural gas in all applications.
\nPyrogasification involves heating dry biomass to temperatures between 900 and 1200°C in the presence of a small amount of oxygen. This thermal decomposition produces a synthesis gas. Washing then removes the condensable fraction from the raw syngas, as well as certain pollutants in order to purify it (tars, sulfur products, etc.). The gas then undergoes a methanation stage to increase its methane content. Finally, the gas is brought up to specification, i.e. its final characteristics are adjusted (calorific value, water content, etc.) to meet the specifications of gas that can be injected into the networks.
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![\"Process](\"https://soclema.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/soclema-procede-production-biomethane-synthese-par-pyrogazeification-400x104.jpg\")
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Thermochemical processes initially transform solid, heterogeneous biomass into gaseous or liquid fuels.
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Tars produced by pyrogasification
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The resulting synthesis gas carries with it, under the effect of high temperatures and in an uncontrolled manner, heavy organic compounds generated by thermal decomposition and known as tars. These tars condense easily on cold spots, fouling pipes and reducing heat exchange efficiency. Tars can also form coke through coking or soot through polymerization.
\nAlthough tars are not the only source of poisoning (particulates, metal salts, inorganic sulfur, chlorine and nitrogen compounds), they remain the most difficult pollutant to eliminate.
\nThereare various definitions of tars. Generally speaking, tars refer to a complex mixture of aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbons with one or more rings, which may or may not contain a heteroatom.
\nTar composition in synthesis gas depends directly on operating conditions (temperature, pressure, oxidizing or non-oxidizing atmosphere, residence time), the type of reactor used and the nature of the biomass.
\nHowever, the analysis of tars, and in particular their sampling in extreme environments (high temperatures and pressures, high humidity), is proving to be a delicate task. The difficulty lies in obtaining a sample which, under laboratory conditions, is as representative as possible of synthesis gases.
\n![\"tar](\"https://soclema.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/principe-tar-protocol-400x277.png\")
The reference method for tar sampling is called the \"Tar Protocol.\"
\nThis technique is based on thediscontinuous sampling of synthesis gases containing particulates and tars under isokinetic conditions. The sampling system comprises several trapping devices: a heated particulate filter, a condenser and a series of bubblers containing solvents. A device for heating the sampling lines partially prevents tar condensation before the sampling devices. The sampling process consists of 4 modules and sub-modules.
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Module 1 consists of a sampling valve system and a heated isokinetic rod, which enables gases to be sampled from both pressurized and non-pressurized reactors. Sampling lines are generally maintained at temperatures above 350°C to minimize condensation of heavy tars.
\nModule 2 is equipped with a gravimetric filter to recover particles from the reactor outlet. These particles could lead to clogging of downstream sampling media (condenser and bubblers).
\nIn Module 3 , the tar-collecting bubblers are placed in various baths with temperatures ranging from 20 to -20°C. The baths absorb the heat released by the cooling and condensation of the gases. Direct condensation of liquid effluents without a dilution medium (cold trap only) can lead to reactions between the trapped compounds, so a solvent is placed in each of the bubblers to absorb these compounds and thus avoid any parasitic reaction.
\nIsopropanol was identified as the most suitable solvent for tar collection, due to its low toxicity and ability to solubilize tars for collection.
\nImmediately after sampling, the contents of the bubblers are stored in a bottle which is kept hermetically sealed at a temperature below 5°C for subsequent analysis.
\nModule 4 measures and regulates gas parameters.
\nThe gas flow rate is kept constant by means of a vacuum pump. It is important to ensure that the sampling rate is not too high in relation to the cooling and adsorption capacity of the bubblers.
\nTo download the documentation, click here.
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To download the brochure, click here:
\nTAR PROTOCOL brochure (French)
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